Blood Types of Abductees, Experiencers and Contactees: What Could They Indicate?

By Global ET Research

 With contributions from AJ, K. Marden, D. Stoner, J. Montaldo, N. Hanson and R. Bonenfant, Ph.D.

 

This article investigates the relationship between alien abductee blood types and ET contact. We provide an overview of ICAR’s and the Marden-Stoner research results, as well as suggestions on ways to improve the accuracy of the reporting on commonalities such as ET Contact cases and blood types. This article also encompasses “Reptilian” traits, and reports from abductee-experiencers regarding their RH– blood types. It is important to note that not only do extraterrestrials “abduct” humans – so too, do covert human groups. These controversial operations are called MILABS and are covered in more detail here.

When it comes to reporting on ET Contact cases, various terms are often thrown around in ufological circles because simply put, it’s easier to criticize or debunk than to do the hard work of legitimately searching for answers. Because the scientific community refuses to accept, much less seriously study, ET Contact, we are left with very few resources and the “scientific” expertise we so desperately need. We have had to pool our personal knowledge in order to report, as accurately as we can, what we believe is happening and why ET Contact is occurring to certain individuals. Because the beings themselves operate in near or total secrecy, it makes finding the answers all the more difficult.

A biological focus, familial for example, has been determined to be related to the selection process of humans by at least some extraterrestrials. Reasonable areas of study would be human DNA and genetics (very expensive subjects to study) as well as blood types (not so expensive to study). In general, the physiological attributes of the people experiencing contact are an obvious place to look for answers. Others might disagree and say it’s all paranormal or based on a soul contract with the Visitors, and that might be the case; however, those areas of study are even more elusive.

The ABO Blood Group System

Among other attributes, ICAR and Kathleen Marden and Denise Stoner looked at blood types, including the Rh factor, of people reporting ET Contact. The ABO blood group system we rely on today was co-discovered by microbiologist and serologist Ludwik Hirszfeld and biologist and physician Karl Landsteiner.  Landsteiner also co-discovered the Rh factor and its negative effects on mother and fetus. If a mother is Rh-negative and the father is Rh positive, the fetus can inherit the Rh factor from the father thus making the fetus Rh positive. Problems can arise when the fetus’s blood has the Rh factor and the mother’s blood does not.

Nearly everyone at one time or another has either speculated about or studied the origins of blood groups. Some people claim there is an ethnicity factor to blood groups while others dispute this claim. We know very little with 100% accuracy except, generally speaking, blood type O is most prevalent in Africa and the Americas; blood type A is most prevalent in Europe, and blood type B is most prevalent in Asia.

In Blood Purity: How a Bizarre Obsession Advanced Science, it is written that “Today’s researchers see the key to understanding blood groups in the particular characteristics possessed by each group. People with type O blood, for example, possess greater immunity to malaria. Scientists thus believe that this blood group developed in Africa millions of years ago as an evolutionary response resulting from a mutation of type A blood.” On the other hand, due to geographical and environmental changes over time, can we really know that malaria was as bad in Africa millions of years ago as it is today?

The author further writes, “Type B blood, meanwhile, possesses a higher degree of immunity to the plague and may have developed in areas where that illness was especially devastating.” And, although the Japanese, who take blood types into consideration when choosing a mate, would certainly disagree, the article goes on to state, “Blood groups, however, have nothing at all to do with personality traits.”

Marden-Stoner Commonalities Report

Abduction researchers Kathleen Marden and Denise Stoner among others, have been aware for quite some time of repeating patterns and characteristics related to people experiencing ET contact. Marden writes in the introduction of their Commonalities report:

“The pertinent literature, the academic social science studies and the works of David Jacobs, Ph.D., Thomas Bullard, Ph.D., Yvonne Smith, C.Ht. the late Budd Hopkins, John Mack, M.D., and others had identified several commonalities among abduction experiencers. But we had not been able to locate an academic study that was specific to our particular interests.” Because of this, Marden and Stoner decided to develop two questionnaires that might help them determine what specific commonalities were present, which then led to a third questionnaire. Marden explains,

“The ‘UFO Abduction Experiencer Questionnaire’ listed 45 multiple choice questions pertaining to experiencers’ demographics, abduction memories, emotional responses, physiological responses, and psychic phenomena. The second questionnaire, the ‘Abduction Experiencer E.T. Technology Questionnaire’ would increase our knowledge of E.T. technology. The third, ‘Commonalities among Non-Abductees Questionnaire,’ queried individuals who denied having been abducted by aliens. It was developed after the first two questionnaires had been available for several months and a commonalities trend had emerged. The 16 multiple choice questions would determine whether or not some of the commonalities among abduction experiencers are common across the general population.”

According to Kathleen Marden and Denise Stoner’s 2012 Commonalities Report, when questioned about their blood type, of the 29 abductee-experiencers who responded to the question, “59% stated their blood type is type A while 34% stated their blood type is type O.”

“…Because 66% of the respondents reside in the Eastern Time Zone, we researched the distribution of blood types throughout the US. It is estimated that 20-25% of the US population residing in the Northeast and East-Central has type A blood and 70-80% are type O.”

“Does this indicate that there is an elevated percentage of A blood types among abduction experiencers? We compared our statistics to the NAE [Non Abductee-Experiencer] Group and found that 50% are type A and 33% type O. This indicates that the majority of participants in both groups are type A regardless of whether or not they have experienced alien abduction” according to Marden and Stoner.

The Rh Factor: Could it be Significant?

Kathleen Marden and Denise Stoner then evaluated the Rh factor “…knowing that 85% of all humans have Rh+ blood types. We found an elevated percentage of Rh- Factor (35%) among abduction experiencers. The Stanford School of Medicine Blood Center reports that 6.3% of their collected blood types are A negative and 6.6% are O negative. This elevated percentage among abduction experiencers could be significant. Among the NAE [non abductee-experiencer] Group, 83% had a positive Rh factor and 17% were negative indicating that both groups had elevated Rh negative blood types. It is interesting that a significantly higher percentage (18%) of the AE Group reported a negative RH factor than in the NAE Group. However, many participants did not know their blood type, so the sample size is too small to be considered statistically reliable.”

Abductee? Experiencer? Contactee?, Efficacy of Questionnaires, ICAR’s Questionnaire, The Rh Factor and ICAR’s Findings or back to Top

 

Another attempt to catalog blood types of abductees, experiencers and contactees was explored by Directors November Hanson and Joe Montaldo, and other members of their organization ICAR, International Community for Alien Research.

For some people, there is no difference between ET contact terminologies used, but for others there is a great deal of difference. To offer a short explanation for the three differing adjectives used, the following descriptions may be helpful. According to ICAR’s experience, “…abductees are people who are taken against their will. They have no foreknowledge and do not want to help the beings, and are more fearful and angry.”

On the other hand, contactees are, according to ICAR, “…people who are consciously aware of their contacts and are in some ways, willing participants; trying to understand why, who, what and where. They are people who are moving forward toward understanding why they are being abducted.”

Experiencers are people who fall somewhere between abductees and contactees. They are “abducted” but they are (we think) “somewhat okay” with their situation. What is important to understand, especially for the old-timers who were around during the 50’s is, today’s contactees do not view themselves the same way contactees of the 1950’s viewed themselves, and current day contactee reports differ as well.

Efficacy of Questionnaires

Before we cover ICAR’s findings from their questionnaires, a short discussion about concerns regarding questionnaires in general should be reviewed. “While questionnaires are inexpensive, quick, and easy to analyze, often the questionnaire can have more problems than benefits. For example, unlike interviews, the people conducting the research may never know if the respondent understood the question that was being asked.” ICAR’s questionnaire was short and straightforward so we believe that with the exception of “eye color,” everyone who filled it out understood exactly what their questions pertained to.

Questionnaires also tend to produce low return rates, whether they are mail or online questionnaires. This may have been the case with the Marden-Stoner questionnaire and the reason may have been due to the length. It was a well constructed questionnaire that covered an array of different types of information pertaining to ET abductions or contact. ICAR’s sample was a more significant 1,400+ returns, but there may be some limitations with these results, which we will cover briefly later in this article.

Another problem with questionnaire return rates is that “…often the people that do return the questionnaire are those that have a really positive or a really negative viewpoint and want their opinion heard. The people that are most likely unbiased either way typically don’t respond because it is not worth their time.” Gender is another factor we need to consider, and if it pertains directly to a questionnaire, it should ask for the person’s sex, i.e. “male” or “female.”

Questionnaires should also include the category of “intersex,” which “…refers to the group of people that don’t perfectly fall under the category of male or female. They are a part of our community, however not many questionnaires have a box to check for people that fall under Intersex.”

ICAR’s Questionnaire

ICAR’s findings were derived from four different questionnaires posted to 5 different Facebook pages, one MySpace page, “two different contactee questionnaires for ICAR abductees,” the MUFON forum and 10 Internet sites. If we’ve done our research correctly, the blood type questionnaire comprises most of the data in ICAR’s article, followed by The Reptilian Questionnaire which yielded the list of Reptilian Traits. Other questionnaires from which ICAR is currently gathering data are the Grey Alien Questionnaire, Dreams and The Experiencer Project, and The NOW Project.

There were four questions on ICAR’s blood type questionnaire:

(1) What type is your blood?

(2) What is your blood type?

The first two answer choices were included in two charts and covered: O neg, O pos, A neg, A pos, B neg, B pos, AB pos, AB neg.

(3) Are You A Contactee?

Answer choices were Yes, No, Maybe.

(4) What is your eye color?

Answer choices were Green Hazel, Blue, Brown

This seems simple enough, but on closer examination there are important considerations and limitations involving these four simple questions.

Actual Numbers

Having constructed polls and scientific questionnaires in the past, we can appreciate the number of hours and the incredible amount of work involved in creating, processing and writing both the Marden-Stoner Commonality Report and ICAR’s Contactee Blood Type Report.

ICAR believes this is the largest study of this kind that has been undertaken. Unfortunately, we cannot be certain that some people did not fill out multiple questionnaires and may have been counted more than once. With the Marden-Stoner Commonalities Report, their sample size was much smaller, but they had contact information on each individual and could request follow up information and be better able to determine if the individuals filled out their questionnaire more than once.

 

What is your eye color?

Answer choices were Green Hazel, Blue, Brown

Because humans can have green eyes without having hazel eyes and visa versa, this question might have been more accurately constructed with a three part answer. Indeed, the predominant eye colors of humans are much more varied and include Amber, Blue, Brown, Gray, Green, Hazel, Red and Violet. We wonder how many people had eye colors other than the three choices given in the questionnaire, including albinism, which affects all ethnicities with prevalence estimated to be one in 17,000 people. If a relationship between eye color and extraterrestrial contact indeed exists, we think one way to improve the questionnaire process is to have all documented eye colors, including albinism related eye colors, included in later questionnaires.

 

Are You A Contactee?

Answer choices were Yes, No, Maybe

If a person is not certain they are a contactee (abductee or experiencer) this information needs to be included in some form within the questionnaire’s results. Were the participants who marked “maybe” included or omitted from the overall results? Since we do not know, these responses or non-responses could skew the overall findings. Another suggestion we have that might improve the questionnaire process and resulting discoveries is to take all three terms (abductee, experiencer, contactee) and include them in the questionnaire. People who consider themselves “abductees” probably do not identify with the term “contactee” and visa versa.

The Rh Factor

ICAR’s observations were derived from a total of 20 different Internet based sources numbering “over 1,400” abductees, contactees and experiencers (we assume) having participated in the study. Bear in mind the “actual numbers of unique respondents” factor. This is simply something we can’t know with certainty for this study. We return again to the Rh factor. The information we have on this blood factor and the contact phenomenon are based on self reports. Even we at Global ET Research can state emphatically that a majority of people involved in contact have reported to us that they have Rh negative blood. However, these types of reports only show trends and are “baby steps” if you will. They do not prove that a correlation exists, much less a “cause and effect” relationship.

The Rh blood group system has two sets of nomenclatures. Both systems reflect alternative theories of inheritance and most studies normally refer to the less complicated theory when explaining it:Z

 

“The Rh blood group system (including the Rh factor) is one of thirty-three [33!] current human blood group systems after ABO.” Regarding the Rh factor, “an individual either has, or does not have the Rh factor on the surface of their red blood cells…This term strictly refers only to the most immunogenic D antigen of the Rh blood group system, or the Rh− blood group system. The status is usually indicated by Rh positive (where Rh+ does have the D antigen) or Rh negative (where Rh− does not have the D antigen) suffix to the ABO blood type. However, other antigens of this blood group system are also clinically relevant,” and this is where things can become very complicated. Aside from a person’s basic blood type, ICAR and the Marden-Stoner questionnaires looked at the overall and simpler Rh− factor versus the Rh+ factor. There is nothing wrong with this and it is not meant to be taken as a criticism. We are only attempting to point out the complex nature of human blood groups and that each component may have a relationship to ET contact.

According to ICAR’s findings, the Rh factor may play a significant role in their study as it did in the Marden-Stoner Commonalities Report; although at this point, there is no way for either group of researchers to determine if the numbers are statistically significant. Much larger and more stringent studies will have to be undertaken in order to determine this. This is exciting because it means we should continue to pursue larger and more refined explorations into commonalities among abductees, experiencers and contactees.

 

Distribution of Blood Types Worldwide and ICAR’s Conclusions or back to Top

The list below shows the distribution of blood types worldwide. It makes no differentiation between abductees, experiencers and contactees versus non-abductees, non-experiencers and non-contactees. Additionally, Wikipedia admits their numbers are in dispute. We will go on the record and state that when it comes to all that is UFOs and/or Extraterrestrial related, everything published on Wikipedia is in dispute and rightfully so. Their pages concerning this subject have been hijacked by the “skepti-bunkers” or if you prefer, debunkers of the phenomenon. Additionally, at the time this article was published and this information was obtained, Wikipedia’s tally for their weighted means equated 110.10 when it should have equated to 100.

The two sources for this data are Wikipedia and Dennis O’Neil.

O− (Rh Negative) = 7.0 % Wiki = 4.3%

O+ (Rh Positive) = 37.0 % Wiki = 36.4%

A− (Rh Negative) = 6.0 % Wiki = 3.5%

A+ (Rh Positive) = 36.0 % Wiki = 28.3%

B− (Rh Negative) = 1.0 % Wiki = 1.4%

B+ (Rh Positive) = 9.0% Wiki = 20.6%

AB− (Rh Negative) = 1.0 % Wiki = 0.5%

AB+ (Rh Positive) = 3.0 % Wiki = 5.1%


Global ET Research was not provided with the exact number of participants for ICAR’s study. Although perhaps not significantly different, the percentages below [in brackets] reflect the percentages using the total number of participants as being an even 1,400 subjects. The Wikipedia numbers have been omitted since the weighted mean sums were inflated.

Distribution of Blood Types of Abductees, Contactees and Experiencers as Compared to the Global Occurrence or Distribution.

Keep in mind that the global percentages may or may not include people who have had ET contact experiences. In effect, we are comparing people who say they have had ET experiences with people who “have and have not” had ET experiences; another small flaw in the study which is, of course, unavoidable since most people on our planet are still “asleep.”

 

ICAR: O− 36% [34%] Globally: O− 7.0 %

ICAR: O+ 27% [27%] Globally: O+ 37.0 %

ICAR: A− 4.5% [0.5%] Globally: A− 6.0 %

ICAR: A+ 12.5% [13%] Globally: A+ 36.0 %

ICAR: B− 3% [3.0 %] Globally: B− 1.0 %

ICAR: B+ 3% [3.0 %] Globally: B+ 9.0%

ICAR: AB− 10% [10%] Globally: AB− 1.0 %

ICAR: AB+ 3% [0.3%] Global: AB+ 3.0 %    

ICAR’s Conclusions

November Hanson, the author of ICAR’s study writes, “I find it most interesting that the blood type [of the humans] ETs pick up the most is O Negative” and “it’s a new mutation of the blood types. Rh Negative blood only showed up between 25,000 and 40,000 years ago and O Negative is  considered the ‘universal donor’….it’s very strange that it just appeared out of nowhere yet it saves 1000’s of lives every year. However, the only blood that an O Negative person can take is O Negative. It would appear that half of all contactees [who participated in the study] have Rh Negative blood…”

It is quite interesting that blood type O− was more prevalent in ICAR’s sample than what is found on average in the global community. Other Rh− blood types were also found to be more prevalent as well, those being AB− as well as B−. We have also found that blood type A− has a higher incidence of occurrence among people experiencing contact, but our data is limited to experiencer support group polls. A general hypothesis can be made that Rh− blood types appear to be higher in the ET contact group than what exists in the general population; however, we need to keep in mind that this is an observation and should be taken in tandem with the limitations and strengths of the questionnaire used to obtain the information.

The comments that O− blood is “a new mutation of the blood types” and “only showed up between 25,000 and 40,000 years ago” were a little confusing to us. We were not able to locate any scientific references directly related to this statement outside of the ET contact or UFO community. In every instance we did come across this information, it was passed along as a statement of fact, and in many cases, it was put forth as a type of conspiracy in that the origins of type O− blood is being kept “secret” by the scientific community. We doubt all scientists are keeping this secret, but it might be a taboo subject that could be compared, for example, to that of Forbidden Archeology. Of course, anyone involved in ufology knows that secrets are being kept and governments are pretty good at keeping certain information secret to a point, so ICAR may be absolutely correct in their assessment.

From reading various forums and blogs – certainly not the best places to obtain truthful information, much less scientific information – we had the idea that the Internet chat regarding a mutation of blood types might be related to the ancestors of the current day Basque people. We suspect this is where the idea of the beginnings or mutation into the Rh− blood type originated; however, does this have anything to do with ETs in general – much less Reptilians or Reptilian Traits? Thus far, this theory only exists in specific areas of ufology-on-the-Internet. Don’t give up, because this gets even more interesting…

Basque People: Okay – there’s that reference!; Do Rh-Negative Humans Display “Reptilian” Traits?; and Self-reported traits ICAR found in people with Rh– blood types or back to Top

Again, if we can believe Wikipedia, (and this time it might be okay since it’s not a page regarding what the skepti-bunkers refer to as “conspiratorial”) the Basque people might hold the key to type O− blood:

 “Since the Basque language is unrelated to Indo-European, it has long been thought to represent the people or culture that occupied Europe before the spread of Indo-European languages there. A comprehensive analysis of Basque genetic patterns has shown that Basque genetic uniqueness predates the arrival of agriculture in the Iberian Peninsula, about 7,000 years ago.”

“Even before the development of modern genetics based on DNA sequencing, Basques were already noted for distinctive genetic patterns, such as possessing the highest global apportion of the Rh- blood type (35% phenotypically, 60% genetically). Additionally, the Basque population has virtually no B blood type, nor the related AB type. Although they are genetically distinctive in some ways, the Basques are still very typically West European in terms of their Y-DNA and mtDNA sequences, and in terms of some other genetic loci.”

“…The distinctiveness already noted by studies of ‘classical markers,’ the subsequent discovery of frequency maxima of R1b in Basque populations, and the apparently ‘pre-Indo-European’ nature of the Basque language resulted in a popular and long-held view that Basques are ‘living fossils’ of the earliest modern humans who colonized Europe. Specifically, Y haplogroup R1b was deemed to be a Palaeolithic marker, highest in Basques, from when Western Europe was repopulated after the Last Glacial Maximum, maybe 25,000 years ago.”

Okay – there’s that reference to “25,000 years ago.” Where is the reference to the 40,000 year mark? If there is one, we think it might be related to the Upper Paleolithic timeline of human history.

Do Rh-Negative Humans Display “Reptilian” Traits?

We have no doubt that commonalities exist with people who are experiencing ET contact, but we wonder if it is due to contact with a wider array of extraterrestrial beings than reptilian appearing beings alone? Or – perhaps we will find out one day that all of the ETs people are reporting to have contact with have the same Reptilian ancestor. Maybe they are all hybrids of ancient Reptilian beings? Due to the number of inhabitable planets astrophysicists have located and theorize exist, any or all of these ideas are possible!

We commend November Hanson, Joe Montaldo and ICAR’s members; and Kathleen Marden and Denise Stoner for taking on this type of research. Until you construct, write, collate, investigate and attempt to correlate this type of information, you have no idea of how much work questionnaire reports involve; and all of their information is being provided to you free of charge. We hope serious inquiry into commonalities among abductees, experiencers and contactees, as well as other areas of ET contact will continue, and most of all, we hope our suggestions will prove to be helpful in either expanding or narrowing the parameters where necessary so we can move toward proving at least a correlational effect. With so many people on our planet experiencing contact, there has to be a reason, right? Is the reason they have been coming here and are currently visiting us within us or is it just because we are here on this beautiful planet we call Earth?

We do not know if the people exhibiting or describing these traits indicates they are ancestors of or related to Reptilian beings, but the list is below. You decide. Do any of these traits fit you?

Reptilian Traits

(1) An extra-vertebra or a “Tail Bone.” Some are born with an actual tail called a cauda. In Sanskrit, Ketuu translates at South Lunar Node and is also known as Cauda/Draconis in Latin or a “dragon’s tail” in English.

(2) Lower than normal Body Temperature

(3) Lower than normal Blood Pressure

(4) Higher mental analytical abilities

(5) Higher Negative-ion shielding (from positively “charged” virus/bacteria) around the body

(6) High Sensitivity to EM and ELF Fields

(7) Hyper vision and other senses

(8) …a strong sense of mission or purpose

 

Self-reported traits ICAR found in people with Rh– blood types

(1) … 48% of subjects stated they have “green hazel” eyes.

Seventy percent [70%] of subjects with “green hazel” eyes marked their blood type as O– / O Negative.

Thirty-six percent [36%] of the participants stated they have blue eyes, and 23% of this group marked their blood type as O Negative.

(2) Reddish hair, brown

(3) Low pulse rate

(4) Low blood pressure

(5) Keen sight or hearing

(6) ESP

(7) An extra rib or vertebrae

(8) UFO connections

(9) A love of space and science

(10) A sense of not belonging to the human race

(11) Piercing eyes

(12) Paranormal occurrences

(13) Physic dreams

(14) The feeling of being a truth seeker

(15) Have a desire for higher wisdom

(16) A susceptible to empathetic illnesses

(17) Have a deep compassion for the fate of mankind

(18) Have a sense of a “mission” in life

(19) Have physic abilities

(20) Have found unexplained scars on their body

(21) Have the capability to disrupt electrical appliances

(22) Experience alien contacts

O Negative Blood is a Simple Mutation; O Negative Blood is Not a Mutation; Further Reading Regarding Rh Factor; and “RHD gene deletion occurred in the Rhesus box”

 

Reader Question: If O− blood is nothing more than a mutation, then why?... why do people think a mutation made it that way? What are the odds that DNA not only mutated to that extent but also mutated to such a useful degree?

The essence of this compound question is based upon two, as yet, unproven assumptions: that the Rh O- blood type is an exceptional blood line and that its expression confers exceptional abilities.

From a scientific perspective, ABO blood types have been present since before humans diverged from our simian ancestors millions of years ago in Africa. It’s true that geneticists have yet to determine the precise origin of Rh O-. In consequence, numerous hypotheses have been advanced to account for its presence in the Human genome. These hypotheses range from a random genetic mutation in the O blood type to its origin from ancient Jewish or Basque populations to its deliberate insertion by the Anunnaki or other alien agencies. [1]. Because of its high frequency in northern Europeans, one of the most current hypotheses is the Rh O blood types conferred to its possessors breathing benefits in colder latitudes.

While scientists have no idea how the Rh O- blood line arose, they support the view that it arose from errors in protein replication. The protein chains that make up our genes can be likened to a single card within a deck of cards (the gene). Depending on which card is affected, it could negatively affect the outcome of the deck’s purpose.

Nearly all major mutations or replication errors are dysfunctional and consequently abort the fetus during gestation. A small number of mutations are either neutral or potentially positive in effect. Those positive mutations which confer a survival or reproductive advantage to a species tend to proliferate within the species over time. Given the pace of recent advances in genetic sequencing, it’s likely that the mystery of Rh O- blood type origin and benefits will be uncovered in the very near future.

[1] Origin Theories of the Rare Rh-Negative Blood Factor, The Rh-Negative Registry.

O Negative Blood is Not a Mutation

An argument has been advanced that Rh O- blood type is not a mutation and is unrelated to the other Rh antigen groups. This hypothesis suggests that the Rh negative variant of the Rh O+ blood line was not the result of natural mutation. I understand this view to be; the rarity of the Rh O- blood type coupled with its reputed status as a universal donor for transfusion implies that it was deliberately introduced into the human genome by some unknown agency.

Since the origin of this bloodline has not as yet been defined by geneticists and because of its extreme rarity in the population, the view that Rh O- is a non-mutational artifact cannot be dismissed. However, despite its importance as being the universal donor, other benefits attributed by this bloodline remain in question. The genetic origin of human blood types is presently in a state of flux as new research uncovers rare exceptions to the traditional ABO and Rh classification. [2,3] Whether the Rh O- blood type is derived from a random mutation or not remains to be determined. The argument that it is a deliberate modification of our genetic structure cannot be ruled out because our society is presently on the cusp of genetic engineering. However, the consensus of most geneticists is that the Rh O- blood type will be found to be a natural mutation.

[2] “A total of 33 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT).  The two most important ones are ABO and the RhD antigen” 

[3] Blood mystery solved: Two new blood types identified, Science Daily, February 23, 2012.

Summary: “You probably know your blood type: A, B, AB or O. You may even know if you’re Rhesus positive or negative. But how about the Langereis blood type? Or the Junior blood type? Positive or negative? Most people have never even heard of these. Yet this knowledge could be “a matter of life and death.” While blood transfusion problems due to Langereis and Junior blood types are rare worldwide, several ethnic populations are at risk.”

Summary

An ongoing attempt is being made by abduction researchers to determine the possible significance of the Rh O- blood type among experiencers. This effort also attempts to determine possible attributes associated with this blood type. To date, the results of these efforts have been tantalizing but not definitive. A larger collection of experiencers would greatly help define the study’s outcome. However, regardless of the presence of a correlation, it is vital to continue efforts of this type. The abduction community must unite in their efforts to understand the nature of this phenomenon by advancing and supporting research similar to that presented above. It’s presently doubtful that the scientific community will respect this effort until we are able to speak their language. Regardless of the outcome of these efforts, it is fully evident to abductees that their experiences are true and valid. Therefore, in spite of scientific neglect, abductees and those who find merit and trust in their testimonies must continue efforts to investigate this disturbing phenomenon.

Further Reading Regarding Rh Factor

 

“Antigens of the Rh blood group system are products of RHD and RHCE (collectively referred to as RH30 or RHCED), two tightly linked and highly homologous genes residing on chromosome 1p36.1. RhD carries the D antigen, the most potent blood group immunogen. The D epitope is not expressed in a relatively large segment of the population (i.e., Rh-negative phenotype), as a result of RHD gene deletion or other gene alterations.” Source

Abstract

The Rh blood group antigens derive from 2 genes, RHD and RHCE, that are located at chromosomal position 1p34.1-1p36 (chromosome 1, short arm, region 3, band 4, subband 1, through band 6). In whites, a cde haplotype with a deletion of the whole RHD gene occurs with a frequency of approximately 40%. The relative position of the 2 RH genes and the location of the RHD deletion was previously unknown. A model has been developed for the RH locus using RHD- and RHCE-related nucleotide sequences deposited in nucleotide sequence databases along with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleotide sequencing. The open reading frames of both RH genes had opposite orientations. The 3’ ends of the genes faced each other and were separated by about 30 000 base pair (bp) that contained the SMP1 gene. The RHD gene was flanked by 2 DNA segments, dubbed Rhesus boxes, with a length of approximately 9000 bp, 98.6% homology, and identical orientation. The Rhesus box contained the RHD deletion occurring within a stretch of 1463 bp of identity. PCR with sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP) and PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used for specific detection of the RHD deletion. The molecular structure of the RH gene locus explains the mechanisms for generating RHD/RHCE hybrid alleles and the RHD deletion. Specific detection of the RHD(-) genotype is now possible. (Blood. 2000;95:3662-3668) Source: Wagner FF, Flegel WA (Aug 2000). “RHD gene deletion occurred in the Rhesus box”. Blood 95 (12): 3662–8. PMID 10845894.

 

Rh Factor

 

“Another definition of null allele concerning molecular markers, refers to such a marker in the case it can no longer be detected because of a mutation. For example, micro satellites (i.e. a repetitive sequence of DNA, in which the repeat is rather short) are used as molecular markers amplifying them through PCR. To do so, a primer or oligonucleotide aligns with either of ends of the locus. If a mutation occurs in the annealing site, then the marker can no longer be used and the allele is turned into a null allele.”

“One example of a null allele is the ‘O’ blood type allele in the human A, B and O blood type system. The alleles for the A-antigen and B-antigen are co-dominant, thus they are both phenotypically expressed if both are present. The allele for O blood type, however, is a mutated version of the allele for the A-antigen, with a single base pair change due to genetic mutation. The protein coded for by the O allele is enzymatically inactive and therefore the O allele is expressed phenotypically in homozygous OO individuals as the lack of any blood antigen. Thus we may consider the allele for the O blood type as a null allele.” Source

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